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Does Starlink give you a public IP?

Short answer: Residential (and Roam) plans use CGNAT by default. A public IPv4 is an official option on Priority plans (Local / Global Priority and similar), set as the account "IP policy." That public IPv4 is dynamic with a reservation, not a classic static IP. IPv6 is available on all plans.

Does it use CGNAT by default?

Yes on Residential. Starlink's help center describes two IPv4 policies: default and public.

Default uses CGNAT with addresses from 100.64.0.0/10, assigned by DHCP. The default policy does not allow inbound IPv4 traffic.
Residential and Roam also have CGNAT session limits (Starlink documents 1,200 concurrent sessions on those plans).

Sources: Starlink help on what IP address Starlink provides and CGNAT session limits. Dataset summary: Starlink ISP page.

Official path to a public IPv4

Paid plan change, then toggle the IP policy.

You need a plan that offers Public IP (Starlink documents Local Priority and Global Priority; other Priority / business-class lines also appear in Starlink's help).
In the account dashboard, edit IP policy and set it to Public IP, then reboot the kit. Starlink publishes step-by-step instructions: How do I set my IP address to a public IP?

That public IPv4 is assigned by DHCP. Starlink says a reservation system keeps the address (and IPv6 prefix) across power cycles, but relocating the dish or software updates may change them. Truly static IPs are not available. Starlink also notes its own Wi-Fi routers do not support port forwarding; customers who need inbound rules are pointed at using their own router with a public-IP plan.

What about IPv6?

Starlink says native IPv6 is available across routers, kit versions, and service plans, with a delegated /56 prefix. Inbound over IPv6 can work when both ends have IPv6, even on the default (CGNAT) IPv4 policy. That still doesn't give you inbound IPv4 on Residential.

How to confirm on your line

Compare router WAN IPv4 with the checker (step-by-step).
Default CGNAT often shows a WAN address in 100.64.0.0/10 (explainer).

More detail and sources: Does Starlink use CGNAT?

This site sticks to ISP facts. It doesn't review or recommend third-party products or services. Policies change; check the linked Starlink pages before you rely on them.